Pressure

Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. Gauge pressure is the pressure relative to the local atmospheric or ambient pressure.

Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per meter2. Pressure may also be expressed in terms of standard atmospheric pressure; the atmosphere (atm) is equal to this pressure and the torr is defined as 1⁄760 of this. Manometric units such as the centimeter of water, millimetre of mercury and inch of mercury are used to express pressures in terms of the height of column of a particular fluid in a manometer.